by Sri Ajit Halder
The
two words in the title namely, Democracy and Religion, are words of profound
significance. These are talked about a lot by the general public and widely referred
to by the media. Believing that it will facilitate our understanding of this paper’s
motto, we present a formal definition of each of the two words right at the
start.
(1) Democracy is a versatile word, and it influences both the
thinking and the life style of the majority of world’s population. For our purpose, we initially offer the conventional
definition of democracy (which relates to the
rule of the majority,
ensured by choosing the government through free
and fair elections held with the citizens electing their representatives).
(2)
Religion may be defined as a cultural system of beliefs and rituals that help to uplift humanity to spirituality. The ritual practices may
include prayers, study of sacred scriptures and pilgrimage to holy
places. Its adherents form into a moral
community called a religious group like the Hindus. In essence, Religion
teaches us how to make the best use of present life to elevate jivaatmaa, the human spirit, to reach Pramaatmaa, the Supreme spirit.
It should be noted there is no scholarly
consensus over what precisely is a democracy or a religion. However, the two principles mentioned above are
intimately linked because they impinge upon individuals as well as community
life with the sole objective to ensure a decent, righteous life style. It is known that Democracy influences
Religious practices, and that Religion guides the unblemished behaviour of
community members living under a democratic system. Therefore, in the
following paragraphs, further elaboration on the two terms will be presented.
The word Democracy is derived from the Greek word Dēmokratía,
literally meaning "rule by people” and stands for a system of government
where the citizens cast their votes to elect their representatives as the members
of a legislative body which form a government. We now turn our attention to the
broader concepts of Religion.
Religion
provides systematic answers to questions like:
‘What is the main purpose of human existence?’ or ‘Is there a superior
sense of life? As a faith principle, it
acts as a tool to place followers in harmonious relationships with both their
own selves and with others in the world.
Often we are confronted with
the question - ‘Are Democracy and Religion compatible?’ Put it another way, this query takes the form - ‘Does democracy
interfere with religion?’ Liberal democracy allows everyone to practise their faith without government
interfering with the religious aspirations of the citizens. Further, in
a liberal democracy as we have in India, citizenship is not dependent on
adherence to an official religion. Religion, therefore, is not a constitutive
element of citizenship.
So far, an extensive discussion on Democracy
and Religion has been provided. Now we present some thoughts which guide members of a community to lead a decent, religious life lived with
dignity. For this to be realized, we
need spiritual guidance in life acquired by reading scriptures like the
Upanishads, the Gita and mythological texts for enlightenment of the mind.
Scriptural texts are widely discussed and studied for the enrichment of
the human spirit. When we study
scriptures, we do so as passive readers.
However if we sit at the feet of a guru to listen to his discourse, we
are in direct contact with the provider of wise counsel. We therefore wish to emphasize that spiritual
advice received by those who are devotees of a guru have a real advantage over
those who read only scriptures. We note
that by reading the sermons and listening to the discourses preached by a
religious guru, the devotees will be ethically benefited.
Many of the members of Saccidananda Society were blessed and privileged
to listen to Sri Sri Babathakur’s sermons.
For those who were not so fortunate, nothing to despair; the spiritual
message of the Prajnanpurush are available in print as
well as in video recordings and on the Internet.
We begin with his sermon
that touches on the need for having a religious guru and we quote:
‘Obeisance to Sadguru who is Existence,
Consciousness, Bliss, Love and Peace Absolute; who transcends all distinctions;
who is everlasting; perfect, without form and qualities; and who is established
in His Own Self. Guru is God and God is Guru, hence He is the Essence or Substratum
of all.’ Sri Sri
Babathakur
Another sermon dwelling on a similar theme goes like this: ‘Obeisance to Sadguru whose words reveal the
essence of Truth/Reality of Supreme Brahman/Atman, dispel Maya, the darkness of
ignorance, bestow the Bliss Absolute to the seekers of liberation and give
peace to the heart of those whose intellect has become restless, unstable and
bewildered due to the delusion of ignorance, and Who discloses the Supreme
Reality, the essence of Knowledge of Oneness, perfect identity of Self and
Brahman the Absolute. I bow to the Sadguru who is the Absolute,
everlasting and pure. He is indeed the whole universe. He comprises Brahma,
Visnu and Siva in His Being. He is the highest God, the God of all gods and
goddesses. He is the only Lord of all creatures. Hence there is no God without Guru and no
Guru without God. God is Self and Self is God. Guru is God and Self and vice
versa. Guru is Divine-Self personified.’ Sri Sri Babathakur
The
next sermon of Prajnanpurush is the ultimate saying: ‘by the complete Knowledge
of the Self I-Reality, a man is sure to have liberation’.
Here is one that prepares the devotee to derive
moral benefit from the guru’s message:
‘Guru is the embodiment of infinite mercy and love.
He imparts right knowledge of His disciples. Before that He unfolds them the
Science of self-discipline. Without the perfection of self –discipline and
control of mind or intellect, disciple cannot grasp rightly or properly the
instructions of Guru. One, with the perfection of self-discipline and perpetual
control over mind or intellect alone, is entitled to follow and understand perfectly
the ‘Science or Knowledge of Oneness’.
Sri Sri Babathakur
And lastly, the highest thing that a human can hope
to achieve in life is the attainment of a moral and spiritual level where
he/she can never deviate from the Truth.
The attainment is marked by a feeling of oneness with every being on the
Earth. This is God-realization, and lovers
of God merge themselves in God.
We feel sure that by being attentive to the wise
sayings of Sri Sri Babathakur, we will reach our goal of making our life spiritual
and achieve salvation (Moksha, i.e. release from worldly
sufferings).